https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/809 Tue, 15 Sep 2026 09:12:56 GMT 2026-09-15T09:12:56Z https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1589 Structural connectivity correlates of response to electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant depression Samman, María Eugenia; Fiorentini, Leticia; Lahitou Herlyn, Delfina; Tsuchiyagaito, Aki; Castro, Mariana Nair; Costanzo, Elsa; Brusco, Luis Ignacio; Camprodon, Joan A.; Forcato, Cecilia; Guinjoan, Salvador Martín; Villarreal, Mirta Fabiana Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). We investigated whether cortico-limbic structural connectivity is associated with ECT response. Twenty-nine TRD patients underwent bifrontal ECT and baseline probabilistic tractography assessing connectivity between amygdala, anterior insula (aINS), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), posterior ventrolateral (VLPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), subgenual cingulate cortex (SGCC) and thalamus. Stronger connectivity within a subnetwork comprising bilateral OFC, bilateral aINS, left SGCC and right DLPFC was associated with poorer ECT response showing predictive value for treatment outcome. Conversely, thalamus-PCC connectivity is related to greater baseline severity and better ECT response. In TRD, depressive symptom scores negatively correlated with fronto-limbic-thalamic connectivity. Our findings highlight a fronto-limbic subnetwork whose hyperconnectivity may reflect maladaptive regulation limiting neuromodulation efficacy. In contrast, thalamic connectivity may act as a hub linking fronto-limbic and default mode network circuits, potentially facilitating receptive pathways supporting therapeutic response and guiding anatomically precise neuromodulation strategies. Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1589 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1575 When and in what patient segments are low-intensity and remote interventions valuable for treating symptoms of post-concussion syndrome Russo, María Julieta; Salvat, Fernando Resumen no disponible. Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1575 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1574 Human development, inequality, and their associations with brain structure across 29 countries Medel, Vicente; Alliende, Luz M.; Bethlehem, Richard; Seidlitz, Jakob; Ringlein, Grace; Arango, Celso; Arnatkevičiūtė, Aurina; Asmal, Laila; Bellgrove, Mark; Benegal, Vivek; Bernardo, Miquel; Billeke, Pablo; Bosch-Bayard, Jorge; Bressan, Rodrigo; Busatto, Geraldo; Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany; Costanzi, Monise; Castro, Mariana Nair; Villarreal, Mirta Fabiana Background: The macro-social and environmental conditions in which people live, such as the level of a country's development or inequality, are associated with brain-related disorders. However, the relationship between these systemic environmental factors and the brain remains unclear. We aimed to determine the association between the level of development and inequality of a country and the brain structure of healthy adults. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study pooling brain imaging (T1-based) data from 145 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in 7,962 healthy adults (4,110 women) in 29 different countries. We used a meta-regression approach to relate the brain structure to the country's level of development and inequality. Results: Higher human development was consistently associated with larger hippocampi and more expanded global cortical surface area, particularly in frontal areas. Increased inequality was most consistently associated with smaller hippocampal volume and thinner cortical thickness across the brain. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the macro-economic conditions of a country are reflected in its inhabitants' brains and may explain the different incidence of brain disorders across the world. The observed variability of brain structure in health across countries should be considered when developing tools in the field of personalized or precision medicine that are intended to be used across the world. Wed, 16 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1574 2025-07-16T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1548 Brucella abortus Infection Promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Toward Adipogenesis, Enhancing the Proinflammatory Profile Freiberger, Rosa Nicole; López, Cynthia Alicia Marcela; Palma, María Belén; Cevallos, Cintia; Sviercz, Franco Agustin; Jarmoluk, Patricio; García, Marcela Nilda; Quarleri, Jorge; Delpino, M. Victoria The most common complication of active brucellosis in humans is osteoarticular injury. In the bone marrow microenvironment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into either adipocytes or osteoblasts, and this balance is tightly regulated because an increase in adipogenesis may negatively affect bone formation and favor bone loss. The differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes or osteoblasts is tightly regulated by mechanisms that promote cell fate toward one lineage while repressing the other. Our study demonstrated that Brucella abortus infects MSCs but does not affect the deposition of organic and mineral matrix during osteoblast differentiation. However, the infection upregulates Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) expression in osteoblasts, which may contribute to osteoclast activation and bone resorption. Conversely, B. abortus infection significantly influences adipocyte differentiation by modulating lipolysis, lipogenesis, and interactions between lipid droplets and mitochondria. This leads to increased cellular cholesterol levels and reduced intracellular triglycerides, accompanied by glycerol release. These changes result in more differentiated adipocytes and larger lipid droplets. Consequently, we observed increased IL-6 secretion and a higher leptin/adiponectin ratio. Importantly, these effects were independent of a functional type IV secretion system (T4SS), as purified Brucella DNA fully reproduced the adipogenic phenotype. Moreover, inhibition of TLR9-the primary sensor of bacterial DNA-significantly reduced the DNA-induced adipogenic response, demonstrating that adipocyte modulation is at least in part mediated through TLR9 signaling. In summary, B. abortus promotes MSC differentiation toward an inflammatory adipocyte phenotype. It involves a TLR-9-mediated DNA detection. It may contribute to osteoarticular injury and infection-associated bone resorption. Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.fleni.org.ar/xmlui/handle/123456789/1548 2026-04-23T00:00:00Z