Exploring Perceived Gender Disparities in Latin America's Vascular Neurology Workforce: Insights from a Survey-Based Study

Abstract

Introduction: Limited research exists on women's challenges as specialized healthcare professionals in Latin America's stroke field. This survey-based study addresses the potential gender disparities in these professionals' work environments.

Methods: This exploratory study used an online survey to investigate the work environment of women healthcare professionals in stroke across several Latin American countries. Conducted between September and November 2023, it included demographics, relationship status, reproductive history, and gender roles related to healthcare work and/or academic life. Women responders were invited through professional networks and local stroke care organizations. Descriptive analyses were performed, and sub-group comparisons were made using statistical tests such as Chi-square, FisherExact, or Kruskal-Wallis.

Results: A total of 291 responses were gathered from 16 Latin American countries. The average age was 40.01±9.61 years, 34% reported holding leadership positions, with 49.5% having women as supervisors. Furthermore, 41% were married, and 52.9% reported having children. Among those, 29.2% perceived adverse effects of childcare on their academic trajectories, with 71.43% being unable to participate in academic conferences. Only 16.1% held leadership roles in scientific organizations, although 52% were involved in educational endeavors within university settings.

Conclusions: Our survey reveals perceived significant hurdles women healthcare professionals encounter in stroke, notably concerning the influence of maternity on job performance and career development. Furthermore, these results highlight inequalities in leadership roles and career pathways. By shedding light on these obstacles, we aim to increase awareness and advocate for implementing fair policies to create a supportive work environment.