Tic Disorders Care Gaps in Spanish-Speaking Latin America

Abstract

Background: Primary tic disorders (TD) are common movement disorders in childhood. However, it is unclear if international guidelines are applied in Latin America.

Objectives: To investigate the applicability of TD guidelines in Latin America.

Methods: An online survey was developed and distributed to healthcare professionals treating TD across Latin America.

Results: Healthcare providers from 15 countries participated. TD are mainly diagnosed by general neurologists (85%). There is limited access to public clinics for movement disorders or TD, and 80% do not utilize a protocol. Rating scales are rarely used. More than half reported being unaware of resources for psychoeducation. Non-pharmacological interventions for TD and alpha agonists are unavailable in several countries. Consequently, antipsychotics are the first line treatment.

Conclusions: The ubiquity of TD diagnosis throughout Latin America is a positive aspect, however barriers like limited referral pathways, lack of awareness about tics and treatment options do exist. This highlights the need for more effective pathways for TD in Latin America.