Initial Experience of Transarterial Embolization for Shoulder Musculoskeletal Pain Using an Ethiodized Oil-Based Emulsion: A Multicenter Study

Abstract

Purpose: The study reports the initial experience in transarterial embolization (TAE) using an ethiodized oil-based emulsion for patients with refractory shoulder pain, focusing on safety, pain reduction, and functional improvement.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter study including 23 patients treated with TAE using an ethiodized oil-based emulsion between April 2021 and May 2024. Clinical outcomes were assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain (0-100 mm) and QuickDASH (0-100) scores (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) for functionality. Adverse events were recorded and classified.

Results: The primary etiology of shoulder pain was adhesive capsulitis (61%), followed by bursitis (39%). Median follow-up was 87 days (range: 27-1088 days). Mean VAS score decreased from 65 mm (± 22) at rest, and 82 mm (± 13) during mobilization to 30 mm (± 27) at rest, and 36 mm (± 24) during mobilization at the last follow-up (p < 0.05). Mean QuickDASH score improved from 67 (± 17) pre-procedure to 43 (± 25) post-procedure (p < 0.05). No major complications occurred, and minor adverse events included one radial artery thrombosis (4%) and one puncture site hematoma (4%).

Conclusion: TAE of the shoulder using an ethiodized oil-based emulsion is safe and effective, warranting further investigation in larger studies.